A solar thermal heat pump is a hybrid heating system that combines solar thermal technology with a heat pump to provide space heating and, in some cases, domestic hot water. Here's how it typically works:

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1. Solar Thermal Collector: The system includes solar thermal collectors, often mounted on the roof or another sun-exposed surface. These collectors absorb sunlight and convert it into heat.

2. Fluid Circulation: The collected solar heat is used to heat a fluid (such as water or a special heat transfer fluid) circulating through the solar thermal collectors.

3. Heat Pump Technology: The heated fluid is then directed to a heat pump. The heat pump further increases the temperature of the fluid using a refrigeration cycle, making it suitable for space heating purposes.

4. Distribution System: The hot fluid from the heat pump is used to heat the air or water in the building's heating system. This can include radiators, underfloor heating, or a forced-air system.

5. Supplementary Heating: In situations where additional heating is required, especially during periods of low solar radiation, the system can switch to a backup heat source, such as an electric heater or a gas boiler.

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By combining solar thermal collectors and a heat pump, this system takes advantage of renewable solar energy and amplifies its effectiveness through the heat pump technology. This hybrid approach aims to provide a more consistent and reliable source of heating while reducing reliance on traditional, non-renewable energy sources. It's a sustainable solution that can contribute to energy efficiency and environmental conservation in residential or commercial buildings.